In the past, application of technology to education was often motivated by a desire to implement "teacher proof" instruction.

Technology was viewed as a "black box", something that could be bestowed on schools and classrooms from above.

An increasing body of literature on technology implementation efforts suggests that this goal was not only unrealistic but also fundamentally misguided.

To be effective, technology and teachers must work together to provide challenging learning opportunities.

* Student learning through involvement with authentic, challenging tasks.

* New roles for students and teachers.

* Improve teachers's professionalism.

* Creation of a culture that supports learning both in the classroom and beyond the school walls US Department of Education.